Genetics
Almost 30 percent of the reported cases of plantar hyperhidrosis or sweaty feet stem from inherited genetic traits. According to researchers, it is usually vertically transmitted by autosomal dominant genetic makeup with variable genetic penetrance. However, in rare cases, the transmission is horizontal via autosomal recessive inheritance within family members.
Some studies that touched on the specific genetic linkage of plantar hyperhidrosis point to focal or localized hyperhidrosis being genetically linked to nodal-related 2 (NDR2) gene on chromosome 14, Aquaporin 5 (AQP5) on chromosome 12, and Phospholipase B1 (PLB1) on chromosome 2.
Some studies suggest the high presence of the water channel protein, chromosome 2’s AQP5, in the membranes of the epithelial cells of the sweat glands of patients with plantar hyperhidrosis. Other studies point to the contribution of PLB1 on chromosome 12 as a candidate risk gene due to its function in the epidermal skin function and its influence on the AQP5 function in sweat gland secretion. Others suggest the involvement of NDR2 on chromosome 14 due to its participation in the development and growth of the nervous system.
The reported familial cases may originate from different genetic linkage, but available treatment plans still include antiperspirants, iontophoresis, anticholinergic drugs, and botulinum toxin.
