Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that causes the skin cells to grow too quickly. The excess skin cells form scales and red patches that are itchy and painful. Psoriasis can also affect the nails, causing them to become thick, yellow, or pitted. In severe cases, the nails may crumble or fall off.
The exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, but it is thought to be due to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. People with certain genes are more likely to develop psoriasis. Environmental factors, such as infections, stress, and cold weather, can trigger an outbreak of psoriasis. Once the condition has developed, it can be difficult to control.
There is no cure for psoriasis, but there are treatments that can help control the symptoms. Topical treatments, such as corticosteroids and retinoids, can reduce inflammation and scale formation. Systemic treatments, such as methotrexate and cyclosporine, can suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation. Biologics, such as Adalimumab and Etanercept, are newer drugs that target specific parts of the immune system and are very effective at reducing inflammation. Finally, phototherapy can also be used to treat psoriasis. This treatment involves exposure to ultraviolet light regularly.
