Confusion
The causes of confusion in sepsis are multifactorial and not fully understood. The inflammatory response mounted by the body during sepsis may contribute to the confusion by affecting the brain’s ability to process information.
Additionally, sepsis can cause a decrease in blood oxygen levels (hypoxemia), which can also lead to confusion. Dehydration is another common complication of sepsis that can exacerbate cognitive impairment. As dehydration worsens, so too does confusion.
Aside from its effect on cognitive function, sepsis can also cause changes in mood and behavior. People with sepsis may become agitated or combative and have delusions or hallucinations. In some cases, patients may become unresponsive or unconscious. All these changes can contribute to feelings of confusion.
While confusion is not always a symptom of sepsis, it can signify that the condition is progressing and that immediate medical attention is needed. The treatment for sepsis-induced confusion depends on the underlying cause. For example, replenishing fluids through intravenous fluids will be necessary if dehydration contributes to cognitive impairment. If hypoxemia is present, supplemental oxygen may be required. In severe cases, patients may need mechanical ventilation to assist with breathing.
