Sciatica occurs when the sciatic nerve is compressed or irritated. The sciatic nerve is the longest nerve in the body and runs from the lower back through the buttock and down the leg. A herniated disc often causes this condition, which occurs when the gel-like center of a disc ruptures through a crack in the outer layer of the disc. This can put pressure on the sciatic nerve and cause pain. Other causes of sciatica include bone spurs, degenerative disc disease, pregnancy, and Piriformis Syndrome.
Several factors can increase your risk of developing sciatica. These include age-related wear and tear on the spine, obesity, diabetes, and a sedentary lifestyle. In addition, people whose jobs require them to sit for long periods or perform repetitive motions are also at increased risk of developing sciatica.
For those who suspect they are suffering from sciatica, it is important to see a doctor right away. A doctor will ask about medical histories and symptoms and order imaging tests such as an MRI or CT scan to confirm the diagnosis. Once sciatica has been diagnosed, doctors work with patients to develop a customized treatment plan. Here are the most common symptoms of sciatica.
Lower Back Pain
The discs in the spine act as a cushion between the vertebrae. In the case of a herniated disc, these discs can develop small tears over time, and if one ruptures, it can herniate or bulge. This puts pressure on the sciatic nerve, leading to low back pain.
The intensity of low back pain resulting from sciatica can vary from person to person. Chronic pain can make it difficult to walk or stand for long periods. Sciatica is usually diagnosed based on an individual’s symptoms and a physical examination. A doctor may also order additional tests to get a better look at your spine and rule out other conditions.
Sciatica is treated with a combination of self-care measures and medical treatments. Over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or naproxen can help reduce inflammation and relieve pain. Individuals can also apply ice or heat to the affected area for 15 minutes at a time several times a day. If self-care measures don’t relieve symptoms, a doctor may recommend physical therapy or injections to release the pressure on the sciatic nerve. In rare cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the herniated disc causing lower back pain.
