Estrogen
While the exact cause of pitting edema is unknown, research suggests that it may be related to fluctuating hormone levels, specifically estrogen. Estrogen is a female hormone produced in the ovaries and is vital in regulating the menstrual cycle.
Fluctuating estrogen levels can cause fluid retention and lead to pitting edema. This may explain why girls going through puberty are more likely to experience this condition since they have higher estrogen levels during these times. Moreover, some women notice that their symptoms get worse just before their menstrual cycles start—when estrogen levels are at their highest.
In most cases, pitting edema goes away on its own within a few days or weeks and doesn’t require any treatment. However, if the symptoms don’t improve or women begin to experience shortness of breath, chest pain, or difficulty urinating, it is recommended to see a doctor immediately. These could be signs of a more serious underlying condition, such as heart failure or kidney disease.
