Skeletal Problems
The skeletal system is not directly affected by MS. However, it may have unintended consequences, such as broken bones from falls brought on by poor coordination, weak muscles, or osteoporosis. Injuries are more likely to occur in MS patients with osteoporosis because of the weakened bone quality. Bone quality is determined by both the macro- and microarchitecture of the bone as well as its composition. A recent survey of MS patients revealed that 27.2 percent had poor bone mass, and 15 percent reported a history of fracture.
The combination of inactivity due to fatigue and muscle weakness and the standard MS medication such as steroids increases the risk of osteoporosis in patients. Because of these complications, patients are prone to accidents causing fractures and injuries.
Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to multiple sclerosis. Vitamin D is essential to bone health and immune system function, but its specific influence on people with MS is not yet fully established. Osteoporosis disproportionately affects women, particularly the increased risk for non-Hispanic white and Asian women. Black and Latina women, however, are not immune to these symptoms. The increased risk for bone problems in MS patients may be mitigated with vitamin D supplementation, physical activity, and appropriate treatment.
