Mast Cell Activation Syndrome, or MCAS, is a disorder involving mast cells, a type of white blood cells found in the bone marrow and around the blood vessels. When triggered by allergen exposure, like insect venom, medications, and foods, these cells secrete chemical mediators or enzymes that break up substances. That’s how it helps the immune system function properly and protect the body from diseases. But, in turn, it may cause allergic-like symptoms and signs of inflammation throughout the body.
MCAS occurs when mast cells release chemical mediators too frequently, even when not triggered. In uncontrolled activation, mast cells may mass produce and populate the organs, causing severe allergic reactions and inflammations leading to organ damage.
MCAS is a chronic disease and may occur episodically among patients. Since most of its symptoms are generally nonspecific, it would require a thorough diagnostic procedure to rule out the condition. Still, it might be helpful to be aware of any possible manifestations consistent with recurrent or chronic mast cell release to detect the problem and treat it properly.
Skin Itching, Swelling, Sweating, Flushing, Hives, and Rash
The skin is the most affected organ in a person with MCAS. They reported occurrences of pale and reddish complexion and many other signs of skin irritations.
If the mast cells collect in the skin, itching, swelling, sweating, and flushing are common, and so are the appearance of rash and hives. Some patients also recorded cases of reddish-brown spots under the skin and itchiness with a burning feeling.
Too many mast cells in the skin typically present as a red and itchy rash, which may look like freckles. Rubbing could make it bulge or become red and swollen. Sometimes, it could become a single, large lump.
Since skin problems may result from several other conditions, medical experts may require a biopsy to determine if MCAS is causing them. They will remove a small piece of the skin and put it under a microscope to see if there is an overproduction or an excessive amount of mast cells.
